**Executive Summary**
The Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) 2025 Monthly Bulletin for October 2025 provides estimates of key labour market indicators such as Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR), Worker Population Ratio (WPR), and Unemployment Rate (UR) based on Current Weekly Status (CWS) for various demographic categories. The sampling design of PLFS has been revamped from January 2025 to enhance coverage and provide high-frequency data. The survey covers all States/UTs in India.
**Key Points / Main Content**
* **Labour Market Indicators (October 2025)**
* Presents LFPR, WPR, and UR for rural, urban, and combined areas.
* Data is categorized by male, female, and person for the age group of 15 years and above.
* **Sampling Design Changes (January 2025)**
* The sample design of PLFS has been revamped to improve the frequency of labour market indicators with enhanced coverage.
* Monthly estimates of LFPR, WPR, and UR are now available at the all-India level using the Current Weekly Status (CWS) approach.
* Monthly Bulletins have been released from April 2025 to October 2025.
* Quarterly estimates of employment-unemployment indicators are available for both rural and urban areas, covering the entire country. Quarterly Bulletins for April-June 2025 and July-September 2025 have been released.
* **Coverage**
* PLFS covers all States/UTs across the country.
* The district is the primary geographical unit (basic stratum) for selecting First Stage Units (FSUs) in the revamped design.
* Sample size has been increased to 22,692 FSUs and the number of sample households has increased from 8 to 12.
* **Timely Dissemination**
* PLFS results are released according to the Advance Release Calendar (ARC) on the MoSPI website.
* **Classification**
* The ongoing PLFS is being carried out as per NIC 2008. MoSPI has released the NIC 2025 in November 2025, which introduces a new 6-digit coding structure for classifying economic activities.
**Impact Analysis**
**Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation (MoSPI)**
* **Impact:** Responsible for implementing the revamped PLFS, releasing monthly and quarterly bulletins, and ensuring timely dissemination of results.
* **Action Required:** Continue to implement the revised sampling design, monitor the enhanced coverage, and adhere to the Advance Release Calendar for disseminating PLFS results.
Key Entities Referenced
Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS): A survey providing estimates of key labour market indicators such as Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR), Worker population Ratio (WPR) and Unemployment Rate (UR).
Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation: The ministry responsible for conducting and releasing the PLFS.
Current Weekly Status (CWS): The reference period used to measure employment and unemployment in the PLFS.
National Industrial Classification (NIC) 2025: The updated national standard for classifying economic activities in India, replacing NIC 2008.
Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation
Periodic Labour Force Survey 2025
प्रव तथ: 17 DEC 2025 2:39PM by PIB Delhi
From the latest PLFS Monthly Bulletin for October 2025, the estimates of Labour Force Participation Rate
(LFPR), Worker population Ratio (WPR) and Unemployment Rate (UR) in Current Weekly Status (CWS)
for rural, urban and rural + urban combined among male, female and person of age group 15 years and
above at all-India level are given in the Table below:
LFPR, WPR and UR (in per cent) according to Current Weekly Status (CWS) for rural, urban and
rural+urban sectors among male, female and person of age group 15 years and above for October, 2025
sector LFPR in CWS WPR in CWS UR in CWS
male female person male female person male female Person
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)
rural 78.4 38.4 57.8 74.8 36.9 55.2 4.6 4.0 4.4
urban 75.3 25.4 50.5 70.8 22.9 47.0 6.1 9.7 7.0
rural+urban 77.4 34.2 55.4 73.4 32.4 52.5 5.1 5.4 5.2
Source: Monthly Bulletin, PLFS, October, 2025
The sampling design of PLFS has been revamped from January 2025 to address the requirement of high
frequency labour market indicators with enhanced coverage from PLFS. Salient aspects of the change in
the sampling methodology of PLFS are given below:
Frequency: The revamped PLFS sample design has enabled generation of monthly estimates of key labour
market indicators viz., LFPR, WPR and UR at the all-India level following the Current Weekly Status
(CWS) approach. The Monthly Bulletins for the months of April 2025 to October 2025 each have been
released. Upto December, 2024 PLFS provided quarterly labour market indicators for the urban areas only.
In the revamped PLFS, quarterly estimates of employment-unemployment indicators are available for both
rural and urban areas and hence for the entire country. Quarterly Bulletins for April-Jun 2025 and July-
September 2025 have been released.
Coverage: PLFS covers all the States/UTs across the country. In the revamped PLFS sample design,
district has been made the primary geographical unit, called basic stratum within a State/UT separately for
rural and urban sectors for selecting FSUs for most part of the geography covered. In the remaining parts,
NSS region has been made the basic stratum. This will ensure presence of sample observations from mostof the districts in the PLFS sample, which will improve the representativeness of the estimates generated.
Further, sample size has been increased to 22,692 First Stage Units (FSUs – sample villages/ urban blocks/
sub-units) from 12800 FSUs surveyed upto December 2024 and Sample households have also been
increased from 8 to 12 households. The enhanced sample size is expected to provide reliable estimates of
labour market indicators with improved precision.
Timely Dissemination: The results of PLFS are being released in a timely manner as per the timelines
prescribed in the Advance Release Calendar (ARC) available on the website of MoSPI.
The ongoing PLFS is being carried out as per NIC 2008. MoSPI has released the NIC 2025 recently in the
month of November 2025. The NIC 2025 introduces a new 6-digit coding structure, in place of the 5-digit
structure of NIC 2008 and represents the latest updated national standard for classifying economic
activities in India which provides a comprehensive and contemporary framework for all economic
activities, capturing the rapid transformation of Indian economy driven by technological advancement,
innovation, and the emergence of new sectors. This enables better representation of emerging activities
and enhancement of accuracy, comparability and policy utility of labour market and economic statistics.
This information was given by the Minister of State (Independent Charge) of the Ministry of Statistics and
Programme Implementation, Minister of State (Independent Charge) of the Ministry of Planning and
Minister of State in the Ministry of Culture Rao Inderjit Singh in Lok Sabha today.
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