**Executive Summary**
This report outlines the measures taken by the Central Government, through CERT-In and the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C), to assist States and Union Territories in tackling a rising volume of cyber incidents, which reached 29,44,248 in 2025. Key initiatives include the provision of financial assistance, technical platforms for threat intelligence, and specialized training programs. Notably, a comprehensive Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) was issued on January 2, 2026, to standardize the handling of cybercrime complaints across the country.
**Key Points / Main Content**
**CERT-In Defensive Measures and Capacity Building**
* **Threat Intelligence:** CERT-In issues ongoing alerts and advisories and operates an automated cyber threat exchange platform to share tailored alerts with State Governments.
* **Infrastructure and Audit:** The National Cyber Coordination Centre (NCCC) detects threats in cyberspace, while 237 empanelled security auditing organizations support the implementation of best practices.
* **Cyber Swachhta Kendra (CSK):** Provides services to detect malicious programs and offer remedial measures to organizations.
* **Preparedness:** Regular mock drills and workshops are conducted to assess the cyber security posture of government and critical sector organizations.
* **Cyber Bharat Setu:** A specific program launched to promote cybersecurity culture, with participation from states like Madhya Pradesh, Tripura, and Uttarakhand in 2025.
**I4C Coordination and Reporting Frameworks**
* **Reporting Portals:** The National Cyber Crime Reporting Portal (NCRP) enables public reporting of all cybercrimes, while the Citizen Financial Cyber Fraud Reporting and Management System (CFCFRMS) has saved over Rs. 8,690 crore in financial frauds as of January 2026.
* **Helpline Services:** Operation of the toll-free number ‘1930’ for immediate assistance in lodging online cyber complaints.
* **Analytical Platforms:** The Samanvaya Platform acts as a central repository for data sharing and interstate crime mapping, featuring the ‘Pratibimb’ module for tracking criminal infrastructure.
* **Joint Coordination:** Seven Joint Cyber Coordination Teams (JCCTs) have been established to manage cybercrime hotspots involving multi-jurisdictional issues.
**Forensic and Financial Assistance**
* **Financial Aid:** The Ministry of Home Affairs released Rs. 132.93 crores under the CCPWC Scheme for setting up forensic labs and hiring consultants.
* **Forensic Support:** National-Digital Investigation Support Centres in New Delhi and Assam provide early-stage forensic assistance to Investigating Officers.
* **Training (CyTrain):** A Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) platform has issued over 1,42,025 certificates to police and judicial officers.
**Impact Analysis**
**State and UT Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs)**
**Impact**
LEAs are primarily responsible for investigating cybercrimes but receive significant Central support through financial grants, forensic facilities, and standardized SOPs. They benefit from interstate data sharing via the Samanvaya platform and specialized training laboratories.
**Action Required**
LEAs must convert portal-reported incidents into FIRs, utilize the 'CyTrain' portal for officer upskilling, and follow the January 2026 SOP for handling cybercrime complaints.
**Banks and Financial Intermediaries**
**Impact**
These stakeholders are integrated into the Cyber Fraud Mitigation Centre (CFMC) and the Suspect Registry to prevent the siphoning of funds. Cooperation has already resulted in declining transactions worth over Rs. 9,518 crores.
**Action Required**
Financial institutions must continue sharing suspect identifier data and collaborate with I4C to stop fraudulent transactions reported through the CFCFRMS.
**General Public**
**Impact**
Citizens gain access to centralized reporting mechanisms (NCRP) and a dedicated helpline (1930) for financial fraud, focusing particularly on crimes against women and children.
**Action Required**
The public is encouraged to use official portals and the helpline for the immediate reporting of cyber incidents to facilitate recovery and prosecution.
Key Entities Referenced
Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C): An entity under the Ministry of Home Affairs established to deal with cyber crimes in a coordinated manner, overseeing platforms like the NCRP and CFCFRMS.
Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In): The national nodal agency for responding to cyber security incidents, responsible for issuing alerts, advisories, and tracking cyber threats.
Section 70B of the Information Technology Act, 2000: The legal provision that designates CERT-In as the national agency for cyber security incident response.
National Cyber Crime Reporting Portal (NCRP): A centralized platform under I4C that enables the public to report all types of cyber crimes, particularly those against women and children.
Cyber Crime Prevention against Women and Children (CCPWC) Scheme: A Ministry of Home Affairs scheme providing financial assistance to States and UTs for capacity building, forensic labs, and training of law enforcement.
Ministry of Home Affairs
ASSISTANCE TO STATES TO TACKLE CYBER
INCIDENTS
Posted On: 24 MAR 2026 4:24PM by PIB Delhi
The Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In) is designated as the national agency for
responding to cyber security incidents, under the provisions of section 70B of the Information Technology
Act, 2000. As per the information reported to and tracked by CERT-In, the total number of cyber security
incidents observed during the last five years are given below:
Year Number of cyber security incidents
2021 14,02,809
2022 13,91,457
2023 15,92,917
2024 20,41,360
2025 29,44,248
As per CERT-In, the highest number of cyber incidents reported including from sectors are from National
Capital Territory of Delhi.Details regarding the estimated financial loss accrued due to cyber-incidents is
not maintained by the CERT-In.
CERT-In has taken following measures to provide assistance to all States and UTs for enhancing cyber
security and prevent cyber attacks:
CERT-In issues alerts and advisories regarding latest cyber threats/vulnerabilities and
countermeasures to protect computers, networks and data on an ongoing basis.
National Cyber Coordination Centre (NCCC) implemented by CERT-In, examines the cyberspace to
detect cyber security threats. It shares the information with concerned State Governments,
organisations across sectors, and stakeholder agencies for taking action.
CERT-In operates an automated cyber threat exchange platform for proactively collecting, analysing
and sharing tailored alerts with State Governments and organisations across sectors for proactive
threat mitigation actions by them.
Cyber Swachhta Kendra (CSK) is a service provided by CERT-In, which extends the vision of
Swachh Bharat to the cyber space. Cyber Swachhta Kendra helps to detect malicious programs and
vulnerable services and provide remedial measures to organisations across States and sectors.CERT-In has empanelled 237 security auditing organisations to support and audit implementation of
Information Security Best Practices.
Cyber security mock drills are conducted regularly to enable assessment of cyber security posture and
preparedness of organisations in Government (Central & States) and critical sectors. Workshops along
with these drills are conducted in States for facilitating coordination and information sharing in the
area of cyber security.
CERT-In has launched a specific cybersecurity program “Cyber Bharat Setu” which focuses on
promoting cybersecurity culture in States/UTs. Madhya Pradesh, Tripura, Uttarakhand and Jammu &
Kashmir Administration participated in this program in 2025.
CERT-In conducts joint cyber security training programs in collaboration with Industry partners to
upskill the cyber security workforce in Government (Central & States), public and private
organizations across sectors.
Police’ and ‘Public Order’ are State subjects as per the Seventh Schedule of the Constitution of India.
The States/UTs are primarily responsible for the prevention, detection, investigation, complaint
reporting, recovery actions,victim support systemsand prosecution of crimes including cyber fraud
through their Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs). The Central Government supplements the
initiatives of the States/UTs through advisories and financial assistance under various schemes for
capacity building of their LEAs.
The National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) compiles and publishes the statistical data on crimes in
its publication “Crime in India”. The latest published report is for the year 2023. As per the data
published by the NCRB, year wise details of cases registered and persons convicted under cyber
crimes (involving communication devices as medium/target) during the period from 2019 to 2023 are
at below:
Year Cases Registered Persons Convicted
2019 44735 486
2020 50035 1369
2021 52974 736
2022 65893 1407
2023 86420 1104
The data on amount recovered is not maintained by the NCRB.
To strengthen the mechanism to deal with cyber crimesin a comprehensive and coordinated manner, the
Central Government has taken steps which, inter-alia, include the following:
The Ministry of Home Affairs has set up the ‘Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre’ (I4C)as an
attached office to deal with all types of cyber crimes in the country, in a coordinated and
comprehensive manner.The ‘National Cyber Crime Reporting Portal’ (NCRP) (https://cybercrime.gov.in) has been launched,
as a part of the I4C, to enable public to report incidents pertaining to all types of cyber crimes, with
special focus on cyber crimes against women and children. Cyber crime incidents reported on
National Cyber Crime Reporting Portal, their conversion into FIRs and subsequent action i.e. filing of
chargesheets, arrest and resolution of complaints, thereon are handled by the State/UT Law
Enforcement Agencies concerned as per the provisions of the law.
The ‘Citizen Financial Cyber Fraud Reporting and Management System’ (CFCFRMS), under I4C, has
been launched in year 2021 for immediate reporting of financial frauds and to stop siphoning off
funds by the fraudsters. As per CFCFRMS operated by I4C, till 31.01.2026, financial amount of more
than Rs. 8,690 Crore has been saved in more than 24.65 lakh complaints. A toll-free Helpline number
‘1930’ has been operationalized to get assistance in lodging online cyber complaints.
A State of the Art, Cyber Fraud Mitigation Centre (CFMC) has been established at I4C where
representatives of major banks, Financial Intermediaries, Payment Aggregators, Telecom Service
Providers, IT Intermediaries and representatives of States/UTs Law Enforcement Agency are working
together for immediate action and seamless cooperation to tackle cybercrime.
I4C, MHA is regularly organising ‘State Connect’, ‘Thana Connect’ and Peer learning session to
share best practices, enhance capacity building, etc.
The state of the art National-Digital Investigation Support Centre (previously known as National
Cyber Forensic Laboratory(Investigation) {NCFL(I)}) has been established, as a part of the I4C, at
New Delhi (on 18.02.2019) and at Assam (on 29.08.2025) to provide early stage cyber forensic
assistance to Investigating Officers (IOs) of State/UT Police. Till 31.01.2026, National-Digital
Investigation Support Centre, New Delhi has provided its services to State/UT LEAs in more than
13,417 cases pertaining to cyber crimes.
The Ministry of Home Affairs has released financial assistance to the tune of Rs. 132.93 crores under
the ‘Cyber Crime Prevention against Women and Children (CCPWC)’ Scheme, to the States/UTs for
their capacity building such as setting up of cyber forensic-cum-training laboratories, hiring of junior
cyber consultants and training of LEAs’ personnel, public prosecutors and judicial officers. Cyber
forensic-cum-training laboratories have been commissioned in 33 States/UTs and more than 24,600
LEA personnel, judicial officers and prosecutors have been provided training on cyber crime
awareness, investigation, forensics etc.
The Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) platform, namely ‘CyTrain’ portal has been developed
under I4C, for capacity building of police officers/judicial officers through online course on critical
aspects of cyber crime investigation, forensics, prosecution etc. Till 31.01.2026, more than 1,51,081
police officers/judicial officers from States/UTs are registered and more than 1,42,025 Certificates
issued through the portal.
A Suspect Registry of identifiers of cyber criminals has been launched by I4C on 10.09.2024 in
collaboration with Banks/Financial Institutions. Till 31.01.2026, more than 23.05 lakh suspect
identifier data received from Banks and 27.37 lakh Layer 1 mule accounts have been shared with the
participating entities of Suspect Registry and declined transactions worth Rs. 9518.91 crores.
Seven Joint Cyber Coordination Teams (JCCTs) have been constituted for Mewat, Jamtara,
Ahmedabad, Hyderabad, Chandigarh, Vishakhapatnam, and Guwahati under I4C covering the whole
country based upon cyber crime hotspots/ areas having multi jurisdictional issues by onboarding
States/UTs to enhance the coordination framework among the Law Enforcement Agencies of the
States/UTs.Samanvaya Platform has been made operational to serve as an Management Information System
(MIS) platform, data repository and a coordination platform for LEAs for cybercrime data sharing and
analytics. It provides analytics based interstate linkages of crimes and criminals, involved in
cybercrime complaints in various States/UTs. The module ‘Pratibimb’ maps locations of criminals and
crime infrastructure on a map to give visibility to jurisdictional officers. The module also facilitates
seeking and receiving of techno-legal assistance by Law
Enforcement Agencies from I4C and other SMEs. It has lead to arrest of more than 21,857 accused
and more than 1,49,636 Cyber Investigation assistance request.
A comprehensive Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) has been issued by the Central Government on
2nd January 2026. It provides a uniform, victim-centric framework for handling complaints through
the National Cybercrime Reporting Portal (NCRP) and Citizen Financial Cyber Fraud Reporting and
Management System (CFCFRMS). The Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for NCRP-CFCFRMS
outlines a dedicated Coordination Mechanism to enhance collaboration, particularly with States and
Union Territories, whose police agencies are integral stakeholders in the system.
This was stated by the Minister of State in the Ministry of Home Affairs Shri Bandi Sanjay Kumar in a
written reply to a question in the Lok Sabha.
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