**Executive Summary**
This document summarizes the Indian government's initiatives to strengthen cyber security infrastructure. It details the institutional framework, coordination mechanisms, forensic capabilities, and training programs established to combat cyber threats and cybercrime. Key initiatives include the establishment of the National Cyber Security Coordinator (NCSC), the Indian Cybercrime Coordination Centre (I4C), and the National Cyber Forensic (Investigation) Laboratory, as well as the roll-out of the CyTrain MOOC platform.
**Key Points / Main Content**
* **Institutional Framework:**
* The Government has institutionalized a nationwide integrated and coordinated system to deal with cyber threats.
* National Cyber Security Coordinator (NCSC) ensures coordination amongst different agencies.
* Indian Cybercrime Coordination Centre (I4C) deals with cybercrimes.
* Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In) is the national agency for responding to cyber security incidents.
* National Critical Information Infrastructure Protection Centre (NCIIPC) protects critical information infrastructure.
* NIC provides Information Technology (IT) support to Ministries, Departments and agencies of the Central and State Governments.
* Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) has established CyMAC (Cyber Multi Agency Centre) with participating agencies viz. IB, CIRA, DCYA, DoT, Cert-In, I4C, NCIIPC and NIC, to address cybercrime.
* **Coordination and Information Sharing:**
* CERT-In operates an automated cyber threat intelligence exchange platform.
* National Cyber Coordination Centre (NCCC) implemented by CERT-In, examines the cyberspace to detect cyber security threats.
* CERT-In issues alerts and advisories regarding latest cyber threats/vulnerabilities.
* CyMAC enables real-time monitoring, threat intelligence sharing, and coordinated response capabilities.
* CERT-In conducts workshops and drills in states, including the North-Eastern region, to facilitate coordination in cyber security.
* Seven Joint Cyber Coordination Teams (JCCTs) have been constituted covering the whole country based on cyber crime hotspots/areas.
* Samanvaya Platform is a Management Information System (MIS) platform, data repository and a coordination platform for Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs) for cybercrime data sharing and analytics.
* **Forensic and Digital Investigation:**
* A new National Cyber Forensic (Investigation) Laboratory has been set up in Assam and is operationalized since 29.08.2025.
* National Cyber Forensic (Investigation) Laboratory {NCFL(I)} has been set up at Dwarka, New Delhi under the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre(I4C) in 2019.
* Cyber Forensic Labs have been commissioned in 33 States/UTs under Cyber Crime Prevention against Women and Children (CCPWC) Scheme.
* **Capacity Building:**
* The Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) platform, namely ‘CyTrain’ builds the capacity of police and judicial officers. As of 31.10.2025, 1,44,895 personnel are registered and 1,19,628 certificates have been issued through the portal.
**Impact Analysis**
**Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs)**
* **Impact:** Increased access to cyber forensic facilities and enhanced digital investigation capabilities, particularly in the North East Region and Sikkim. Access to the Samanvaya platform provides analytics based interstate linkages of crimes and criminals
* **Action Required:** Utilize the services of the National Cyber Forensic (Investigation) Laboratory, integrate with CyMAC, utilize the Samanvaya Platform.
**State Governments/UTs**
* **Impact:** Strengthened cyber security infrastructure and improved coordination with central agencies, along with financial assistance for setting up Cyber Forensic facilities.
* **Action Required:** Integrate with national systems, participate in workshops and drills, and implement cyber security best practices.
**Ministries, Departments, and Agencies of the Central Government**
* **Impact:** Enhanced IT support and improved cyber security practices.
* **Action Required:** Follow information security policies and practices, and integrate fully with national cyber defense systems.
**Police and Judicial Officers**
* **Impact:** Capacity building in cyber crime investigation, forensics, and prosecution.
* **Action Required:** Register for and complete online courses on CyTrain.
Key Entities Referenced
Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA): The primary ministry involved in strengthening cyber security infrastructure and addressing cybercrime.
Information Technology (IT) Act, 2000: The act under which CERT-In is empowered to respond to cyber security incidents.
Indian Cybercrime Coordination Centre (I4C): A center that deals with cybercrimes in a coordinated manner.
Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In): The national agency for responding to cyber security incidents.
National Cyber Security Coordinator (NCSC): Ensures coordination among different agencies regarding cyber security.
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS
LOK SABHA
UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 380
TO BE ANSWERED ON THE 2ND DECEMBER, 2025/ AGRAHAYANA 11, 1947
(SAKA)
CYBER SECURITY INFRASTRUCTURE
†380. SHRI CHAVDA VINOD LAKHAMSHI:
SHRI RAHUL SINGH LODHI:
Will the Minister of HOME AFFAIRS be pleased to state:
(a) the initiatives of the Government to strengthen the cyber security
infrastructure;
(b) the arrangements made for coordination and information-sharing
between Central and State agencies, especially in the North-Eastern
region;
(c) the steps taken to develop forensic and digital investigation
capabilities; and
(d) the manner in which cyber forensic expertise is being used to combat
cyber crimes?
ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS
(SHRI BANDI SANJAY KUMAR)
(a): The Government has institutionalized a nationwide integrated and
coordinated system to deal with cyber threats. National Cyber Security
Coordinator (NCSC) under the National Security Council Secretariat
(NSCS) ensures coordination amongst different agencies whereas
Indian Cybercrime Coordination Centre (I4C) deals with cybercrimes in
a coordinated and effective manner.-2-
L.S.US.Q.NO. 380 FOR 02.12.2025
The Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In) is
designated as the national agency for responding to cyber security
incidents under the provisions of section 70B of the Information
Technology (IT) Act, 2000. CERT-In operates an automated cyber
threat intelligence exchange platform for sharing tailored alerts with
organization across sectors for proactive threat mitigation. National
Cyber Coordination Centre (NCCC) implemented by CERT-In, examines
the cyberspace to detect cyber security threats. It shares the
information with concerned organizations, state governments and
stakeholder agencies for taking action. CERT-In issues alerts and
advisories regarding latest cyber threats/vulnerabilities from time to
time.
The Government has also established National Critical Information
Infrastructure Protection Centre (NCIIPC) for protection of critical
information infrastructure in the country under the provisions of
section 70 A of the IT Act, 2000. NIC provides Information Technology
(IT) support to Ministries, Departments and agencies of the Central
Government, State Governments and district administrators for various
e-governance solutions and follows information security policies and-3-
L.S.US.Q.NO. 380 FOR 02.12.2025
practices in line with industry standards and practices, aimed at
preventing cyber-attacks and safeguarding data.
Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) has established CyMAC (Cyber Multi
Agency Centre) under the MAC (Multi Agency Centre) platform with
participating agencies viz. IB, CIRA, DCYA, DoT, Cert-In, I4C, NCIIPC and
NIC, to effectively address cybercrime, cyber espionage, cyber terrorism,
cyber security threats, misuse of emerging technologies against national
security and similar concerns. The CyMAC platform serves as a unified
and strategic platform to enhance cyber resilience across all Cyber
Security Agencies. By enabling real-time monitoring, threat intelligence
sharing, and coordinated response capabilities, it ensures the proactive
detection & analysis and collaborative approach to manage cyber
security risks effectively. All agencies are being encouraged to fully
integrate with this system to strengthen National Cyber Defence and
safeguard Indian Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
infrastructure.
(b) to (d): A new National Cyber Forensic (Investigation) Laboratory has
been set up in Assam, to provide cyber forensic facilities and enhance
digital investigation capabilities of all LEAs mainly working in North
East Region and Sikkim. This is operationalized since 29.08.2025.-4-
L.S.US.Q.NO. 380 FOR 02.12.2025
National Cyber Forensic (Investigation) Laboratory {NCFL(I)}, a ‘State-
of-the-Art’ facility has been set up at Dwarka, New Delhi under the
Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre(I4C) in 2019 to provide
forensic assistance during investigation to LEAs and other central
agencies. NCFL services or facilities are being utilized by States/UTs
across the country. Till 31.10.2025, NCFL have provided its services to
State LEAs in around 12,952 cyber cases pertaining to cybercrime. Till,
31.10.2025, 2118 LEAs personal have been trained on latest forensic
tools and techniques.
Cyber Forensic Labs in States/UTs had been set up under Cyber Crime
Prevention against Women and Children (CCPWC) Scheme which was
launched in 2018. Under this Scheme, MHA had provided financial
assistance to the tune of Rs. 131.60 crores to States/UTs for setting up
of Cyber Forensic Consultants. Cyber Forensic-cum-Training
Laboratories have been commissioned in 33 States/UTs.
CERT-In conducts workshops along with drills in states including
North-Eastern region for facilitating coordination and information
sharing in the area of cyber security.-5-
L.S.US.Q.NO. 380 FOR 02.12.2025
Seven Joint Cyber Coordination Teams (JCCTs) have been constituted
for Mewat, Jamtara, Ahmedabad, Hyderabad, Chandigarh,
Vishakhapatnam and Guwahati under Indian Cybercrime Coordination
Centre (I4C) covering the whole country based on cyber crime
hotspots/areas having multi-jurisdictional issues by onboarding
States/UTs to enhance the coordination framework among Law
Enforcement Agencies of the States/UTs.
Samanvaya Platform has been made operational to serve as an
Management Information System (MIS) platform, data repository and a
coordination platform for Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs) for
cybercrime data sharing and analytics. It provides analytics based
interstate linkages of crimes and criminals, involved in cybercrime
complaints in various States/UTs. The module ‘Pratibimb’ maps
locations of criminals and crime infrastructure on a map to give
visibility to jurisdictional officers. The module also facilitates seeking
and receiving of techno-legal assistance by Law Enforcement
Agencies from I4C and other SMEs. It has lead to arrest of 16,840
accused and 1,05,129 Cyber Investigation assistance request.-6-
L.S.US.Q.NO. 380 FOR 02.12.2025
The Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) platform, namely ‘CyTrain’
to build the capacity of police and judicial officers in cyber crime
investigation, forensics, and prosecution. It offers standardized online
courses with certification, ensuring uniform skill development across
agencies. 1,44,895 Police officers/Judges/Prosecutors/CPO/CAPFs are
registered and 1,19,628 Certificates issued through the portal till
31.10.2025.
*****