**Executive Summary:**
This document outlines the Indian government's initiatives for disaster risk reduction, focusing on landslides, floods, droughts, lightning, and forest fires. It details various projects, financial outlays, and central government support to state governments for preparedness, mitigation, and response measures. The primary responsibility for disaster management rests with the State Governments, with the Central Government supplementing their efforts.
**Key Points / Main Content:**
* **Disaster Management Responsibility:**
* The primary responsibility for disaster management rests with the State Governments.
* The Central Government provides supplementary logistics and financial support.
* **National Landslide Risk Mitigation Project:**
* Total financial outlay of Rs. 1000 crore for implementation in 15 states, with Rs. 900 crore as Central Share from NDMF.
* Rs. 4.54 crore released to Uttarakhand.
* Landslide Risk Mitigation Scheme (LRMS) approved in 2019 for Sikkim, Mizoram, Nagaland, and Uttarakhand with Rs. 43.91 Crore central assistance.
* **Landslide Forecasting and Early Warning Systems:**
* Geological Survey of India (GSI) established the National Landslide Forecasting Centre (NLFC) in Kolkata.
* Prototype regional Landslide Early Warning System (LEWS) developed with the British Geological Survey (BGS) and tested in Darjeeling, Kalimpong, and Nilgiri.
* Experimental landslide forecast bulletins provided in 18 districts across six states.
* **Urban Flood Risk Mitigation Projects:**
* Rs. 3075.65 crore financial outlay for seven cities (Ahmedabad, Bengaluru, Chennai, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Mumbai, and Pune), with Rs 2482.62 Crore as Central Share from NDMF.
* Rs. 709.54 crore released to these cities.
* **Other Mitigation Projects:**
* National GLOF Risk Management Programme: Rs. 150 crore for Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, and Uttarakhand.
* Catalytic assistance for twelve drought-prone States: Rs. 2022.16 crore total outlay.
* Mitigation Project on Lightning Safety: Rs. 186.78 crore for ten states.
* Mitigation Project for Forest Fire Risk Management: Rs. 818.92 crore for 144 high-priority districts in nineteen states.
* **Alert and Communication Systems:**
* Common Alerting Protocol (CAP) based Integrated Alert System SACHET commissioned for timely dissemination of early warning alerts.
* Over 6400 crore SMS alerts disseminated using CAP.
* **Community Volunteer Training:**
* Aapda Mitra scheme: 1,00,000 community volunteers trained in disaster response across 350 districts.
* Yuva Aapda Mitra Scheme (YAMS) launched in 2024-25: to train 2,37,326 volunteers from NCC, NSS, NYKS and BSG in disaster response.
* **Awareness Generation and Capacity Building:**
* Sensitization programs for communities and Panchayat Raj Institution members.
* Rs. 22 crore allocated for equipping village panchayats with firefighting skills in 144 districts.
* Rs. 1.5 crore allocated for Master Training Programme for Gram Panchayat members on Lightning Safety.
* Rs. 2.00 crore allocated for farmers training and awareness on drought proofing in Rajasthan.
**Impact Analysis:**
**State Governments:**
* Impact: Primary implementers of disaster management initiatives, receiving financial and logistical support from the Central Government.
* Action Required: Coordinate with central agencies, implement mitigation projects, and ensure effective disaster response.
**Local Communities (Gram Panchayats, Villages):**
* Impact: Beneficiaries of mitigation projects, training programs, and early warning systems, enhancing their resilience to disasters.
* Action Required: Participate in training programs, utilize early warning information, and form village task forces.
**Central Government Agencies (GSI, IMD, CWC, etc.):**
* Impact: Responsible for providing technical expertise, early warning systems, and financial support to state governments.
* Action Required: Develop and maintain early warning systems, provide timely alerts, and allocate funds for mitigation projects.
**Citizens:**
* Impact: Enhanced safety and reduced risk from natural disasters through improved mitigation measures and early warning systems.
* Action Required: Stay informed about disaster risks, heed early warnings, and participate in community preparedness activities.
Key Entities Referenced
National Landslide Risk Mitigation project: A Central Government initiative with a financial outlay of Rs. 1000 crore for implementation in fifteen states, aimed at mitigating landslide risks.
Geological Survey of India (GSI): An organization that has established the National Landslide Forecasting Centre (NLFC) at Kolkata and developed a prototype regional Landslide Early Warning System (LEWS) for India.
National Disaster Management Fund (NDMF): A fund used by the Central Government to provide financial support for disaster mitigation projects, with specific allocations mentioned for various schemes.
Urban Flood Risk Mitigation Projects: A Central Government initiative aimed at mitigating urban flood risks in seven cities: Ahmedabad, Bengaluru, Chennai, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Mumbai and Pune.
National GLOF Risk Management Programme: A Central Government initiative with a financial outlay of Rs. 150 crore for implementation in four States viz. Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim and Uttarakhand, aimed at mitigating risks of Glacial Lake Outburst Floods.
Common Alerting Protocol (CAP): A system commissioned by the Central Government for timely dissemination of early warning alerts to people, integrating alert generating agencies and State Disaster Management Authorities.
Aapda Mitra scheme: A Central Government scheme under which 1,00,000 community volunteers have been trained in disaster response, covering 350 Districts.
Yuva Aapda Mitra Scheme (YAMS): A Central Government Scheme launched in the year 2024-25 to train 2,37,326 volunteers from National Cadet Core NCC, National Service Scheme NSS, Nehru Yuva Kendra Sangathan NYKS and Bharat Scouts Guides BSG in disaster response covering 315 Districts in the country.
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS
LOK SABHA
UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 398
TO BE ANSWERED ON THE 22ND JULY, 2025/ /ASHADHA 31, 1947 (SAKA)
PREVENTION OF LOSSES FROM NATURAL DISASTERS
†398. SHRI BRIJENDRA SINGH OLA:
Will the Minister of HOME AFFAIRS be pleased to state:
(a) whether the Government has taken/proposes to take steps to expand and
modernize service to prevent or reduce the problems of disasters like
landslides and floods etc.;
(b) if so, the details of the steps taken under any scheme and the amount
allocated and spent in respect thereof;
(c) the efforts being made by the Government to reduce disaster risks such
as landslides and floods etc. at the level of Gram Panchayat in the country
including Rajasthan State;
(d) if so, the efforts being made; and
(e) if not, the reasons therefor?
ANSWER
MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS
(SHRI NITYANAND RAI)
(a) to (e): The primary responsibility for disaster management rests with
the State Governments concerned. The Central Government supplements
the efforts of the State Governments and provides requisite logistics and
financial support. There are well established institutional mechanisms at
the National, State & District levels in the country for taking appropriate-2-
L.S.US.Q.NO. 398 FOR 22.07.2025
preparedness, mitigation and prompt response measures for effective
management of natural disasters.
The Central Government has taken several initiatives to ensure effective
mitigation measures in the country to reduce risks during disasters by
strengthening the disaster risk reduction system in India. In this direction,
important initiatives taken and important projects approved by Central
Government are as under: -
(i) The National Landslide Risk Mitigation project with a total financial
outlay of Rs. 1000 crore for its implementation in fifteen (15) States, with
Central Share from NDMF of Rs. 900 Crore. These 15 States are Arunachal
Pradesh, Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram,
Nagaland, Sikkim, Tripura, Uttarakhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra,
Tamil Nadu and West Bengal. So far, an amount of Rs. 4.54 crore is released
to the State of Uttarakhand.
(ii) Prior to this, in 2019, Government had approved Landslide Risk
Mitigation Scheme (LRMS) for four (04) States viz. Sikkim, Mizoram,
Nagaland and Uttarakhand with central assistance Rs. 43.91 Crore. The
major outcomes of the scheme include landslide mitigation, real time
monitoring, awareness programmes and capacity building & training.-3-
L.S.US.Q.NO. 398 FOR 22.07.2025
(iii) Geological Survey of India (GSI) has established the National
Landslide Forecasting Centre (NLFC) at Kolkata to cater to the real-time
integration of diverse input data from multiple sources like Indian
Meteorological Department (IMD), National Centre for Medium Range
Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF), National Remote sensing Centre (NRSC)
for forecasting and dissemination of the landslide early warning bulletins
through dedicated means including Bhusanket web portal and Bhooskhalan
mobile app, etc.
(iv) To reduce the risk of landslides, GSI developed a prototype regional
Landslide Early Warning System (LEWS) for India in collaboration with the
British Geological Survey (BGS). The evaluation and testing of the model in
three districts in India viz. Darjeeling and Kalimpong districts of West
Bengal and Nilgiri district of Tamil Nadu has been initiated.
(v) GSI has been providing experimental landslide forecast bulletins in 18
districts in six other states, in collaboration with various stakeholders like
Indian Meteorological Department (IMD), National Centre for Medium Range
Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF), National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC)
and all concerned State Disaster Management Authorities (SDMAs). These
bulletins have forecast information up to the taluk / sub-divisional level.-4-
L.S.US.Q.NO. 398 FOR 22.07.2025
(vi) Urban Flood Risk Mitigation Projects in seven (07) cities viz.
Ahmedabad, Bengaluru, Chennai, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Mumbai and Pune at
a total financial outlay of Rs. 3075.65 crore. Central Share from NDMF is Rs
2482.62 Crore. So far, an amount of Rs. 709.54 Crore is released to these
seven cities.
(vii) National GLOF Risk Management Programme with a total financial
outlay of Rs. 150 crore for its implementation in four (04) States viz.
Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim and Uttarakhand. Central
Share from NDMF is Rs. 135 Crore and so far, an amount of Rs. 27.73 Crore
is released.
(viii) Catalytic assistance for twelve (12) drought prone States at a total
financial outlay of Rs. 2022.16 crore, out of which, Central share from NDMF
is Rs. 1200 crore. These 12 states are Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Gujarat,
Jharkhand, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Rajasthan,
Tamil Nadu, Telangana and Uttar Pradesh.
(ix) Mitigation Project on Lightning Safety at a total financial outlay of Rs.
186.78 crore for ten (10) States viz. Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh,
Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Odisha, Uttar
Pradesh and West Bengal. Central Share from NDMF for Lightning Safety is
Rs. 121.14 Crore.-5-
L.S.US.Q.NO. 398 FOR 22.07.2025
(x) Mitigation Project for Forest Fire Risk Management for its
implementation in 144 high-priority districts in nineteen (19) States at a
total financial outlay of Rs. 818.92 crore, under which central share from
NDMF & NDRF is Rs. 690.63 Crore. The states identified for the scheme are
Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat,
Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Manipur, Maharashtra,
Mizoram, Madhya Pradesh, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Odisha, Tamil Nadu,
Telangana and Uttarakhand.
(xi) For timely dissemination of early warning alerts to people, Central
Government has commissioned Common Alerting Protocol (CAP) based
Integrated Alert System (SACHET). CAP Platform integrates all alert
generating agencies viz. India Meteorological Department (IMD), Central
Water Commission (CWC), Indian National Centre for Ocean Information
Services (INCOIS), Defence Geo-informatics Research Establishment
(DGRE), Geological Survey of India (GSI) and Forest Survey of India (FSI)
with all State Disaster Management Authorities (SDMAs), which are enabled
to issue geo-targeted alerts / warning in regional vernacular by SMS, Mobile
App, Browser Alerts, RSS feed and also over GAGAN and NavIC Satellite
terminals.-6-
L.S.US.Q.NO. 398 FOR 22.07.2025
CAP platform has been used to disseminate alerts by State Governments /
UT administration. This system has been successfully used in recent
disasters. More than 6400 crore SMS alerts have been disseminated so far
using CAP.
(xii) Central Government has also implemented Aapda Mitra scheme, under
which 1,00,000 community volunteers have been trained in disaster
response, covering 350 Districts (including training of 4700 volunteers from
13 Districts of Rajasthan), which are prone to landslide, cyclone,
earthquake, and floods.
(xiii) Central Government has also launched “Yuva Aapda Mitra Scheme”
(YAMS) in the year 2024-25 to train 2,37,326 volunteers from National Cadet
Core (NCC), National Service Scheme (NSS), Nehru Yuva Kendra Sangathan
(NYKS) and Bharat Scouts & Guides (BS&G) (including 12650 volunteers
from 13 Districts of Rajasthan) in disaster response covering 315 Districts
in the country which are prone to landslide, cyclone, earthquake, and
floods.-7-
L.S.US.Q.NO. 398 FOR 22.07.2025
Awareness Generation and Capacity Building component are one of the
major components of such mitigation programmes. Under National
Landslide Risk Mitigation Project, there is a sub-component titled
“Sensitization Programmes for communities and the Panchayat Raj
Institution members including creation of a village task force in landslide-
prone areas” for which Rs. 14 crore is allocated. Under Mitigation Scheme
for Forest Fire Risk Management, Rs. 22 crore is allocated for equipping
village panchayats with basic equipment and fire-fighting skills in 144
identified districts of 19 States. Under Mitigation Project on Lightning
Safety, there is a sub-component for Master Training Programme for Gram
Panchayat, members of Task force of Gram Panchayat and village for which
Rs. 1.5 crore is allocated. Similarly, capacity building at local level is one of
the components of Catalytic assistance for twelve (12) drought prone
States programme. For the State of Rajasthan, an amount of Rs. 2.00 crore
is allocated for farmers’ training and awareness on drought proofing of the
agriculture sectors.
******